CONSTITUENT REPORT
(E)-Caryophyllene
(E)-Caryophyllene is one of the best-documented sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in the AromaForge archive and appears across spice, resin, wood, floral, and hemp-type oils. The live evidence base is materially stronger than for most aroma constituents: identity is clear, a modern RIFM safety assessment exists, and multiple preclinical studies support CB2-linked and anti-inflammatory signaling. Even so, the benefit-facing literature remains mostly cell and animal work rather than clinical proof, so the archive should frame (E)-caryophyllene as a well-studied terpene marker with limited direct human outcome evidence.
Chemical identity and composition
NIST groups CAS 87-44-5 under caryophyllene names that explicitly include (E)-Caryophyllene, trans-beta-Caryophyllene, and (E)-beta-Caryophyllene. In the local archive, the same chemistry already appears under beta_caryophyllene and trans_beta_caryophyllene naming across copaiba, pepper, clove, ylang-ylang, hemp, and other oils.
Aroma and practical use
- Use the recorded woody, spicy, peppery, clove-like, dry descriptors to explore a blend's scent character; perceived strength also depends on the other ingredients.
- Compare the recorded goal signals with the intended purpose, while keeping model assumptions separate from observed study outcomes.
- Read the route, preparation and experimental context before using a study finding to choose an oil.
Reported benefits and effects
Findings retain their study context. An animal or laboratory result describes that experiment.
A 2007 study on isolated compounds from Cordia verbenacea essential oil reported that oral trans-caryophyllene inhibited inflammatory edema models and reduced mediators including TNF-alpha, PGE2, iNOS, and COX-2-associated signals in animal systems.
This is one of the clearest constituent-specific anti-inflammatory findings, but it remains animal work rather than human clinical evidence.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
A 2008 PNAS paper reported that (E)-beta-caryophyllene selectively bound the CB2 receptor, acted as a functional agonist, inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in human monocytes, and reduced carrageenan inflammation in wild-type but not CB2-deficient mice.
This is the strongest mechanistic anchor in the accessible literature, but it is still not direct clinical efficacy evidence.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
A 2012 Molecules paper reported that trans-caryophyllene relaxed rat tracheal smooth muscle and inhibited inward barium current at the tested concentrations, consistent with partial voltage-dependent calcium-channel blockade.
This supports a plausible airway smooth-muscle mechanism in tissue experiments, but it is far from a clinical respiratory claim.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
How it contributes to goal calculations
Model markers guide the formulation score. They are separate from the source findings above.
Use concerns and concentration limits
Sensitization concernNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
Phototoxicity concernNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
Oxidation concernNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
Penetration enhancementNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
No numeric constituent-specific use limit is available here. Missing is not an unrestricted-use clearance.
The 2022 RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment reported no genotoxicity concern and no expected phototoxicity, photoallergenicity, or skin-sensitization concern under declared uses.
This reference does not establish a therapeutic result or a safe use level for a custom oil blend.
No isolated-constituent human clinical trial demonstrating therapeutic benefit was verified in this pass.
This reference does not establish a therapeutic result or a safe use level for a custom oil blend.
Because the positive findings remain largely preclinical, archive copy should avoid presenting (E)-caryophyllene as a proven treatment for inflammation, pain, mood, or respiratory conditions.
This reference does not establish a therapeutic result or a safe use level for a custom oil blend.
Constituents it may interact with
These are research candidates recorded in the interaction matrix. They do not add a proven-amplification bonus to the score.
LinaloolAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Linalool report →LimoneneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
human clinical · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Limonene report →alpha-HumuleneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
animal · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Humulene report →alpha-HumuleneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Humulene report →1,8-cineoleAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
animal · effect
No source citation attached.
Read 1,8-cineole report →EugenolAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
cell study · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Eugenol report →alpha-BisabololAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
mechanistic · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Bisabolol report →Eugenyl acetateAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
review · whole_oil
No source citation attached.
Read Eugenyl acetate report →benzyl alcoholAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro mechanistic · effect
No source citation attached.
Read benzyl alcohol report →How the effects were investigated
cb2_receptor_selective_signaling
A 2008 PNAS paper reported that (E)-beta-caryophyllene selectively bound CB2 and functioned as a nonpsychoactive ligand in the tested preclinical systems.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
voltage_dependent_calcium_channel_linked_tracheal_relaxation
A rat tracheal study reported smooth-muscle relaxation with partial blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
What this report cannot establish
- A reported constituent percentage does not establish an effective human therapeutic dose or the amount absorbed into the body.
- The presence of a constituent does not guarantee a clinical benefit, rash treatment or sleep improvement from a custom blend.
- An unflagged concern or missing use limit does not establish safety for ingestion, inhalation, skin exposure or a particular person.
- A candidate constituent interaction does not establish that two oils amplify one another at the selected proportions.
- Constituent descriptors alone do not establish a precise top, heart or base lifetime in a finished blend.
Known data gaps (6)
- No constituent-specific human clinical efficacy trial for isolated (E)-caryophyllene was verified in this pass.
- This record overlaps existing beta_caryophyllene and trans_beta_caryophyllene entries, so future archive cleanup may need alias consolidation.
- Most accessible mechanism studies remain cell or animal based and should not be translated into medical claims.
- No constituent-specific numeric dermal reference is available here.
- Some findings do not record an explicit exposure route; consult the linked study before applying them to a use.
- Interaction candidates lack an attached source citation and remain unqualified.