trans-beta-Caryophyllene is a widely distributed sesquiterpene hydrocarbon found in spice, resin, hemp, floral, and herb oils. Compared with many AromaForge constituents, it has a relatively strong preclinical literature base, but that evidence is still mostly cell and animal work rather than human therapeutic proof. The clearest live sources for this exact trans-named record support identity, broad occurrence, anti-inflammatory animal findings, airway smooth-muscle relaxation in rat tissue, and a modern RIFM fragrance safety assessment for beta-caryophyllene.
Chemical identity and composition
PubChem resolves trans-beta-Caryophyllene to CID 5281515 with formula C15H24, IUPAC name (1R,4E,9S)-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylidenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene, and InChIKey NPNUFJAVOOONJE-GFUGXAQUSA-N. NIST and the 2022 RIFM assessment align the same chemistry with CAS 87-44-5. In the local archive, this exact constituent ID appears in frankincense, while the same chemistry also appears under adjacent beta-caryophyllene or trans-caryophyllene naming in hemp, catnip, ylang-ylang, and other oils.
Aroma and practical use
- Use the recorded woody, spicy, peppery descriptors to explore a blend's scent character; perceived strength also depends on the other ingredients.
- Read the route, preparation and experimental context before using a study finding to choose an oil.
Reported benefits and effects
Findings retain their study context. An animal or laboratory result describes that experiment.
A 2007 Eur J Pharmacol study of isolated compounds from Cordia verbenacea essential oil reported that oral trans-caryophyllene inhibited inflammatory edema models and reduced inflammatory mediators including TNF-alpha, PGE2, iNOS, and COX-2-associated signals.
A 2007 Eur J Pharmacol study of isolated compounds from Cordia verbenacea essential oil reported that oral trans-caryophyllene inhibited inflammatory edema models and reduced inflammatory mediators including TNF-alpha, PGE2, iNOS, and COX-2-associated signals.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
A 2008 PNAS paper reported that (E)-beta-caryophyllene selectively bound CB2, acted as a functional agonist, inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in human monocytes, and reduced carrageenan inflammation in wild-type but not CB2-deficient mice.
A 2008 PNAS paper reported that (E)-beta-caryophyllene selectively bound CB2, acted as a functional agonist, inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in human monocytes, and reduced carrageenan inflammation in wild-type but not CB2-deficient mice.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
A 2012 Molecules paper reported that trans-caryophyllene relaxed rat tracheal smooth muscle and inhibited inward barium current by about half at the high tested concentration, consistent with partial voltage-dependent calcium-channel blockade.
A 2012 Molecules paper reported that trans-caryophyllene relaxed rat tracheal smooth muscle and inhibited inward barium current by about half at the high tested concentration, consistent with partial voltage-dependent calcium-channel blockade.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
Use concerns and concentration limits
Sensitization concernNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
Phototoxicity concernNot flagged
Not flagged in the current model. This is not proof of absence or unrestricted safety.
Oxidation concernNot assessed
Not assessed in the available record.
Penetration enhancementNot assessed
Not assessed in the available record.
No numeric constituent-specific use limit is available here. Missing is not an unrestricted-use clearance.
The 2022 RIFM safety assessment reports that beta-caryophyllene was not genotoxic, was not expected to be phototoxic or photoallergenic, and showed no skin-sensitization safety concern under current declared levels of use.
This reference does not establish a therapeutic result or a safe use level for a custom oil blend.
No direct public citation is attached to this entry.
Because most positive activity literature remains preclinical, archive copy should avoid presenting trans-beta-caryophyllene as a proven anti-inflammatory, pain, respiratory, or mood treatment.
This reference does not establish a therapeutic result or a safe use level for a custom oil blend.
No direct public citation is attached to this entry.
Constituents it may interact with
These are research candidates recorded in the interaction matrix. They do not add a proven-amplification bonus to the score.
LinaloolAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Linalool report →LimoneneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
human clinical · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Limonene report →alpha-HumuleneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
animal · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Humulene report →alpha-HumuleneAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Humulene report →1,8-cineoleAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
animal · effect
No source citation attached.
Read 1,8-cineole report →EugenolAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
cell study · effect
No source citation attached.
Read Eugenol report →alpha-BisabololAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
mechanistic · effect
No source citation attached.
Read alpha-Bisabolol report →Eugenyl acetateAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
review · whole_oil
No source citation attached.
Read Eugenyl acetate report →benzyl alcoholAmplification candidate
Candidate in the research matrix. A coefficient alone does not establish amplification at the dose, route or goal of your blend; no proven amplification is inferred from this row.
in vitro mechanistic · effect
No source citation attached.
Read benzyl alcohol report →How the effects were investigated
cb2 linked signaling
The strongest broader constituent literature treats (E)-beta-caryophyllene as a functional CB2 receptor ligand, although this archive record should still distinguish preclinical mechanism work from clinical outcomes.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
No direct public citation is attached to this entry.
partial voltage dependent calcium channel blockade
A rat tracheal study reported smooth-muscle relaxation with partial blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels.
This experimental finding does not establish benefit, dose or safety in people using this blend.
No direct public citation is attached to this entry.
What this report cannot establish
- A reported constituent percentage does not establish an effective human therapeutic dose or the amount absorbed into the body.
- The presence of a constituent does not guarantee a clinical benefit, rash treatment or sleep improvement from a custom blend.
- An unflagged concern or missing use limit does not establish safety for ingestion, inhalation, skin exposure or a particular person.
- A candidate constituent interaction does not establish that two oils amplify one another at the selected proportions.
- Constituent descriptors alone do not establish a precise top, heart or base lifetime in a finished blend.
Known data gaps (7)
- No human clinical trials specific to isolated trans-beta-caryophyllene were verified in this pass.
- Most benefit-facing claims in the public literature remain mechanistic, cell-based, or animal-based.
- This exact trans-named record overlaps a much larger beta-caryophyllene literature, so constituent-specific wording still needs alias discipline.
- No specific numeric IFRA/RIFM dermal-limit percentage was located for beta-caryophyllene; the RIFM 2022 assessment reports no sensitization safety concern under current declared use levels rather than a fixed percentage cap.
- No constituent-specific numeric dermal reference is available here.
- Some findings do not record an explicit exposure route; consult the linked study before applying them to a use.
- Interaction candidates lack an attached source citation and remain unqualified.