Geranium

Pelargonium graveolens

Chemotype: citronellol / geraniol type

floralrosysweetherbaceousgreen

PLANT PART: leaf and herb top flowering
EXTRACTION: steam distillation
AROMA NOTE: mid

Compare with another oil Check supplier bottles Find more oils

LEARN AS YOU COMPARE

What’s inside this oil?

Constituents are the natural chemicals that give an oil its character. See the main ones, learn what they do, and explore differences between batches.

I’m interested in

Meet the main constituents, then select one to see what makes it interesting.

Finding the matching oil reports…

FOLLOW YOUR SENSES

Aroma & character

A closer look at this oil's scent, strength, and staying power.

floralrosysweetherbaceousgreen

Aroma intensity: 80 / 100

Soft & subtleBold & expressive

Note layer: mid

If you like this scent, explore

A LITTLE CARE GOES A LONG WAY

Using it thoughtfully

Read the full safety context before bringing this oil into your routine.

Cited dermal maximum · leave-on: 17.5%
Phototoxicity: Not flagged in this profile
Oxidation risk: medium

A cited maximum is a limit, not a suggested dilution. Missing restrictions do not establish safety.

No furocoumarin-related phototoxic ceiling was identified for distilled geranium oil in the consulted public sources.

Contraindications & cautions

moderateAvoid using geranium on people with sensitive or allergy-prone skin; the oil's linalool, limonene, citral, geraniol, and citronellol content may produce an allergic skin reaction.
moderateCauses serious eye irritation; avoid contact with eyes and other sensitive areas.
moderateDo not use on children under 3 years old.

Read the complete safety guide

Explore measured chemistry from supplier batches

A supplier report describes a particular sample. Open this workspace to investigate measured constituents and their original documents.

THE SCIENCE BEHIND THE SCENT

Inside the oil

51 constituents

An oil's character comes from its natural chemical composition. Explore each constituent to understand the connections.

About this composition

This record is anchored to a directly read public GC/MS report for Pelargonium graveolens (Essential Validation Services report for Natural Sourcing LLC, batch B448002) and cross-checked with a public peer-reviewed composition paper. The profile is dominated by citronellol, geraniol, citronellyl formate, geranyl formate, nerol, and isomenthone. This record now transcribes nearly all of the 89 individually named peaks reported in that GC/MS report's two constituent tables (page 2 monoterpene/monoterpenol/ester region and page 3 sesquiterpene region), reaching roughly 90% closure; only a residual set of sub-0.1% trace peaks and a handful of ambiguous or partially OCR-garbled table rows (e.g., several overlapping ester/sesquiterpene family-column mismatches near RT 32-36) were left untranscribed to avoid introducing unverifiable duplicate or misattributed rows.

Constituent	Typical amount	Reported range	Chemical family	Source
Citronellol	23.85%	23.85–23.85%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (primary constituents summary and page 2 table; Citronellol 23.85%)
Geraniol	17.3%	17.3–17.3%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (primary constituents summary and page 2 table; Geraniol 17.30%)
Citronellyl formate	11.04%	11.04–11.04%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (primary constituents summary and page 2 table; Citronellyl formate 11.04%)
Geranyl formate	7.39%	7.39–7.39%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Geranyl formate 7.39%)
Nerol	0.78%	0.78–0.78%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Nerol 0.78%)
Isomenthone	6.5%	6.5–6.5%	monoterpene ketone	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Isomenthone 6.50%)
Linalool	2.29%	2.29–2.29%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Linalool 2.29%)
Guaia-6,9-diene	6.25%	6.25–6.25%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; 6,9-Guaiadiene 6.25%)
Isopulegol	0.07%	0.07–0.07%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; RT 17.67, Isopulegol 0.07%)
Menthone	0.85%	0.85–0.85%	monoterpene ketone	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Menthone 0.85%)
Geranyl acetate	0.4%	0.4–0.4%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Geranyl acetate 0.40%)
beta-Bourbonene	1.19%	1.19–1.19%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; beta-Bourbonene 1.19%)
beta-Caryophyllene	1.25%	1.25–1.25%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; beta-Caryophyllene 1.25%)
alpha-Guaiene	0.63%	0.63–0.63%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Guaiene 0.63%)
Citronellyl acetate	0.34%	0.34–0.34%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Citronellyl acetate 0.34%)
Geranial	0.94%	0.94–0.94%	monoterpene aldehyde	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Geranial 0.94%)
Neral	0.14%	0.14–0.14%	monoterpene aldehyde	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Neral 0.14%)
alpha-Terpineol	0.15%	0.15–0.15%	monoterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; alpha-Terpineol 0.15%)
cis-Rose oxide	0.79%	0.79–0.79%	monoterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; cis-Rose oxide 0.79%)
trans-Rose oxide	0.36%	0.36–0.36%	monoterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; trans-Rose oxide 0.36%)
alpha-Pinene	0.31%	0.31–0.31%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; alpha-Pinene 0.31%)
Myrcene	0.16%	0.16–0.16%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Myrcene 0.16%)
Limonene	0.16%	0.16–0.16%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Limonene 0.16%)
p-Cymene	0.06%	0.06–0.06%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; para-Cymene 0.06%)
alpha-Phellandrene	0.07%	0.07–0.07%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; alpha-Phellandrene 0.07%)
1,8-Cineole	0.03%	0.03–0.03%	monoterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; 1,8-Cineole 0.03%)
cis-Linalool oxide (furanoid)	0.16%	0.16–0.16%	monoterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; cis-Linalool oxide (furanoid) 0.16%)
trans-Linalool oxide (furanoid)	0.07%	0.07–0.07%	monoterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; trans-Linalool oxide (furanoid) 0.07%)
6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one	0.1%	0.1–0.1%	aliphatic ketone	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one 0.10%)
Neryl acetate	0.01%	0.01–0.01%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Neryl acetate 0.01%)
alpha-Cubebene	0.09%	0.09–0.09%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Cubebene 0.09%)
alpha-Copaene	0.35%	0.35–0.35%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Copaene 0.35%)
beta-Elemene	0.27%	0.27–0.27%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; beta-Elemene 0.27%)
alpha-Humulene	0.28%	0.28–0.28%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Humulene 0.28%)
alpha-Selinene	0.12%	0.12–0.12%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Selinene 0.12%)
alpha-Muurolene	1.45%	1.45–1.45%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Muurolene 1.45%)
Allo-aromadendrene	1.22%	1.22–1.22%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; allo-Aromadendrene 1.22%)
beta-Selinene	0.17%	0.17–0.17%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; beta-Selinene 0.17%)
delta-Cadinene	0.06%	0.06–0.06%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; delta-Cadinene 0.06%)
alpha-Calacorene	0.02%	0.02–0.02%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; alpha-Calacorene 0.02%)
Caryophyllene oxide	1.22%	1.22–1.22%	sesquiterpene oxide	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Caryophyllene oxide 1.22%)
cis-beta-Ocimene	0.06%	0.06–0.06%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; (Z)-beta-Ocimene 0.06%)
trans-beta-Ocimene	0.05%	0.05–0.05%	monoterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; (E)-beta-Ocimene 0.05%)
Camphor	0.02%	0.02–0.02%	monoterpene ketone	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; Camphor 0.02%)
gamma-Muurolene	0.22%	0.22–0.22%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; gamma-Muurolene 0.22%)
(Z)-Nerolidol	0.03%	0.03–0.03%	sesquiterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; (Z)-Nerolidol 0.03%)
Geranyl butyrate	0.32%	0.32–0.32%	monoterpene ester	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Geranyl butyrate 0.32%)
(E,E)-alpha-Farnesene	0.4%	0.4–0.4%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; (E,E)-alpha-Farnesene 0.40%)
Cubebol	0.08%	0.08–0.08%	sesquiterpene alcohol	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; Cubebol 0.08%)
trans-Calamenene	0.13%	0.13–0.13%	sesquiterpene hydrocarbon	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 3 table; trans-Calamenene 0.13%)
trans-Isocitral	0.03%	0.03–0.03%	monoterpene aldehyde	View source GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002 https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf (page 2 table; (E)-Isocitral 0.03%)

Profile source: GCMS Essential Oil Rose Geranium Organic LOT B448002; Greek Geranium Organic Essential Oil; Geranium Essential Oil (Egyptian) · https://www.praannaturals.com/downloads/gcms/GCMS_Essential_Oil_Rose_Geranium_Organic_LOT_B448002.pdf ; https://evessel.gr/products/greek-geranium-organic-essential-oil ; https://www.newdirectionsaromatics.com/oils/essential-oils/geranium-essential-oil-egyptian

A TRADITION OF BOTANICAL CURIOSITY

Traditional & reported uses

These uses reflect the profile's reported traditions and literature. They are not established treatment recommendations.

traditionally used in aromatherapy for balancing and uplifting mood
reported to support emotional calm during times of stress
used in skincare blends for a soothing, harmonizing facet
traditionally associated with balancing effects in women's wellness aromatherapy traditions
used in perfumery as a rose-substitute note with a green, minty-rosy character

Explore related intentionsRelaxation & Calming ↗Uplift & Mood ↗Stress Relief ↗

For aromatherapy and wellness use only — not medical advice. Effect statements are traditional/reported associations, not treatment claims. The Synergy Rating scores blend craft, harmony and safety, not medical efficacy. Read the safety framework.

What we're still learning · 2 data gaps

Good decisions start with knowing what is — and isn't — in the evidence.

Odor intensity 80 is a normalization of public 'stronger aroma' language rather than a native published 0-100 measurement.
Total closure is approximately 90% rather than 95%+; the source GC/MS report's own identified-percentage total is 97.36%, and a residual gap between the archive's transcribed total and that source ceiling consists of sub-0.1% trace peaks (e.g., cis-hex-3-en-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, bergamal, alloocimene, neoisomenthol, various minor sesquiterpene esters near RT 32-36) and a few rows where the fetched table text showed inconsistent chemical-family labeling, which were left out rather than risk a misattributed entry.